Kuva umunsi watangira kugera urangiye, dukoresha ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga bitagira ingano. Bimwe tubikoresha tutazi ababikoze, ariko icyo tuba dushaka ni inyungu dukura mu kubikoresha. Uyu munsi tugiye kukubwira ibigo bikomeye cyane ku isi bikora ikoranabuhanga ukunze gukoresha kenshi. Ushobora gusanga ibyinshi wari usanzwe ubizi ariko utari uzi ngo ni ibiki bakora.
1. Apple
Apple niyo sosiyete ya mbere yageze ku gaciro ka tiriyari imwe y’amadolari y’Amerika, kandi ikomeza kuyobora nk’imigabane ya mbere y’ikoranabuhanga ku isi. Apple, Inc. yashinzwe ku ya 1 Mata 1976, n’abanyeshuri icyo gihe bari muri kaminuza Steve Jobs na Steve Wozniak, bazanye sosiyete nshya icyerekezo cyo guhindura uburyo abantu babonaga mudasobwa. Jobs na Wozniak bifuzaga gukora mudasobwa ntoya ku buryo abantu bayitunga mu mazu yabo cyangwa mu biro byabo. Apple ikaba iri mu nganda zitunganya mudasobwa, telephone, headphones, tablet n’ibindi bijyanye na technology.
2. Microsoft Corp. (MSFT)
Agaciro k’isoko: Tiriyari 2.2 z’amadolari
Microsoft ni sosiyete ikora software zikomeye ku isi. Ku ya 4 Mata 1975, mu gihe abanyamerika benshi bakoreshaga imashini zandika, inshuti zo mu bwana Bill Gates na Paul Allen bashinze Microsoft, isosiyete ikora porogaramu za mudasobwa, ikagurisha n’ububiko bwo mu kirere(cloud storage). Microsoft yazamuye inyungu kugeza ku 10% kandi yemeza gahunda yo kugura imigabane ingana na miliyari 60 z’amadolari. Imwe mu ma software akomeye Microsoft yakoze, dusangamo Windows ukoresha mudasobwa na Telephone.
3. Alphabet Inc. (GOOG, GOOGLE)
Agaciro k’isoko: Tiriyari 1.85
Ukoresha interineti? Imeyili? Ufite telefone? Ukunda kumenya kubona ahantu runaka utigeze ubonaho, ukurikirana gahunda zawe kandi ukanabika inyandiko zawe? Niba wasubije “yego” kuri kimwe muri ibyo bibazo, birashoboka ko ukoresha Google ya Alphabet hamwe na serivisi zayo buri gihe. Rimwe na rimwe mu bindi bigo by’ikoranabuhanga bifite agaciro kw’isi, Google yagiye ihura n’ibibazo byo kutizerwa kubera ubwiganze bwayo. Bimwe mu bikorwa bikomeye bya Alphabet, harimo nka Google abenshi dukoresha dushakisha amakuru kuri interineti, YouTube, Android benshi dukoresha muri telephone zacu, n’andi ma programu menshi akoreshwa na benshi. Google yinjiza amafaranga yayo menshi avuye mu kwamamaza no muri serivise zabo zigurwa.
4. Amazon.com Inc (AMZN)
Agaciro k’isoko: Tiriyoni 1.7
Amazon ishobora gufatwa nk’umudandaza na bamwe, ariko k’umutima, ni sosiyete y’ikoranabuhanga. Ntabwo iyi sosiyete ikora ibintu byinshi ahubwo izwiho gucuruza ama tablet na za mudasobwa, yifashishwa mw’itumanaho n’ibindi. Kugeza muri Gashyantare 2019, byagaragaye ko 44 ku ijana by’abaguzi ba Amazone bo muri Amerika baguze ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki babinyujije ku rubuga rw’iyi sosiyete. Igice cya elegitoroniki nicyo cyiciro cy’ibicuruzwa byamamaye byaguzwe n’abaguzi ba Amazone muri Amerika, hagakurikiraho imyenda, inkweto / imitako n’ibikoresho byo murugo & igikoni. Ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu kugura ibikoresho bitandukanye hifashishijwe iya kure.
sosiyete. Igice cya elegitoroniki nicyo cyiciro cy’ibicuruzwa byamamaye byaguzwe na baguzi ba Amazone muri Amerika, hagakurikiraho imyenda, inkweto / imitako n’ibikoresho byo murugo & igikoni. ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu kugura ibikoresho bitandukanye online.
5. Meta Inc (Facebook)
Agaciro k’isoko: Tiriyari imwe y’amadolari. Meta yahize yitwa Facebook inc. yahinduye izina mu Ukwakira 2021.
Imigabane ya Meta yungutse cyane muri uyu mwaka kubera ubukungu bwazamutse. Mu gihe kitarenze amezi icyenda, ububiko bwazamutse hejuru ya 30%, bituma imbuga nkoranyambaga zishobora kugira agaciro kangana akayabo ka tiriyari imwe y’amadorari ku nshuro ya mbere. Abamamaza bafite ubushake bwo kuzikoresha kuruta uko byari bimeze mu mwaka ushize, aho umwaka ushize amafaranga yinjira yazamutseho 56% mu gihembwe cya kabiri. Hano hari abakoresha barenga miliyari 3,5 buri kwezi mu muryango wa porogaramu, zirimo Instagram, WhatsApp na Messenger hiyongereyeho porogaramu ya Facebook itazwi. Mu gihe uhora utera abanzi ku musozi wa Capitol kubera ibibazo by’ibanga, amakuru atariyo, kandi vuba aha, ibibazo bijyanye nu buzima bwo mu mutwe bwabakoresha Instagram, Facebook iracyafite umwanya uhagije wo gukura. Isoko rya Facebook hamwe no kwibanda ku bintu byo guhaha kuri Instagram bitanga iterambere ryiza mubucuruzi bwa e-bucuruzi, mu gihe icyerekezo cya Facebook ku bintu byukuri hamwe na “metaverse” nabyo bifite bimwe byiza bikurura abantu igihe kirekire.
6. Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co. Ltd. (TSM)
Agaciro ku isoko: miliyari 595 z’amadolari
Iyi sosiyete, mu mvugo yitwa TSMC, ikora akazi ko guteranya chip-tekinoroji yo mu rwego rwo hejuru iboneka muri byose kuva kuri terefone zigendanwa na mudasobwa kugeza ku modoka no mu ndege. TSMC imaze igihe kinini muri uyu mukino. Kuva aho iyi sosiyete itangiriye ku mugaragaro mu 1994, amafaranga yinjiye yashyizeho umuvuduko w’ubwiyongere bwa buri mwaka wa 17.2%. Hamwe n’isoko rya 57% kwisi yose mu bucuruzi bw’umushinga, ibigo byinshi byikoranabuhanga ku isi ni abakiriya b’indahemuka bayo, barimo Apple na Nvidia. Hamwe n’imyandikire ikomeye, impapuro ziringaniza zituma inganda zishyirwa hejuru cyane mu nganda zikora cyane, ubukungu bwikigereranyo n’umubano muremure w’igihe kirekire hamwe na bakiriya benshi, TSMC ikorera muri Tayiwani isa nkaho idashobora kuva mu myanya 10 ya mbere
7. Tencent Holdings Ltd (TCEHY)
Agaciro k’isoko: miliyari 550 z’amadolari
Tencent n’isosiyete y’ikoranabuhanga ifite agaciro cyane mu bushinwa, ifite ibice byinshi by’ubucuruzi birimo WeChat, imbuga nkoranyambaga hamwe n’ubwishyu n’abakoresha barenga miliyari 1.25 buri kwezi; ubucuruzi bwa fintech; kwamamaza kumurongo; nigice cy’imikino yiganje cyonyine kiri hejuru hamwe na Sony Group Corp. (SONY) nka sosiyete ikina imikino ya mbere ku isi yinjiza. Ubushinwa buherutse guhashya inganda zigenga hejuru ya 40% uhereye ku gaciro ka Tencent kuva muri Gashyantare, ubwo iyi sosiyete y’ikoranabuhanga yari ifite agaciro ka tiriyari imwe.Tencent yashoboye kuzamura amafaranga 23% mu gihembwe gishize.
8. Nvidia Corp. (NVDA)
Agaciro k’isoko: miliyari 525 z’amadolari
Nvidia ikora tekinoroji yo mu rwego rwo hejuru yagize gukora cyane bidasanzwe kugirango ibone umwanya wayo nka imwe mu ma sosiyete 10 y’ikoranabuhanga afite agaciro ku isi. Hejuru ya 1,200% mu myaka itanu ishize, imigabane ya NVDA yungutse umwanya ushimishije w’ikigo gitunganya GPU, GPUs hamwe na software bifitanye isano bikoreshwa mu bintu byose uhereye ku mikino ukageza ku bigo by’amakuru kugeza ku mashusho y’umwuga kugeza ku isoko ry’imodoka. Ibicuruzwa bya Nvidia ni ingenzi cyane mu nganda z’imodoka zitwara ibinyabiziga ndetse n’ubwenge bw’ubukorikori, kandi iyi sosiyete ifite intego yo gufata imigabane ku isoko muri Intel Corp. – chip Nvidia yavuze ko yihuta inshuro 10 kurenza seriveri yihuta cyane.
9.Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd. (005930.
Agaciro ku isoko: miliyari 440 z’amadolari
Mu 1938, Lee Byung-chul yarahevye kaminuza maze ashinga ubucuruzi buciriritse yise Samsung Trading Co. Ikirangantego cambere c’isosiyete cari gifise inyenyeri zitatu kandi cari gishingiye ku gishushanyo mbonera c’ijambo rya Koreya ijambo Samsung.
kuri ubu ikba ikora byose. Imashini imesa, TV, printer biri mubicuruzwa amagana bikorwa na Samsung, ntibagiwe na telephone ,tablet bya Samsung, nama rwa porogaramu ya Samsung ijyenda ikora, Umurongo wa Samsung wa terefone zigendanwa za Galaxy na tableti uhanganye cyane na iPhone na iPad, kandi iyi sosiyete yo muri Koreya yepfo yafashije guca intege Apple uruganda rukomeye.
10. ASML Ifata NV (ticker: ASML)
Agaciro k’isoko: miliyari 350 z’amadolari
ASML ikorera mu Buholandi ni shyashya ku rutonde rw’amasosiyete 10. Ni sosiyete mpuzamahanga y’Ubuholandi yashinzwe mu 1984 kandi izobereye mu iterambere no gukora sisitemu yo gufotora. Kugeza ubu, niyo itanga amasoko manini ya sisitemu ya Photolithography cyane cyane mu bikorwa bya semiconductor hamwe nabatanga serivise zimashini za ultraviolet lithography (EUV) imashini zifotora kw’isi. ASML ikoresha abantu barenga 28.000 baturutse mu bihugu 120, y’ishingikiriza ku muyoboro mugari w’abatanga ibicuruzwa birenga 5.000 kandi ifite ibiro muri Amerika, Ububiligi, Ubufaransa, Ubudage, Irilande, Isiraheli, Ubutaliyani, Ubuholandi, Ubwongereza, Ubushinwa, Hong Kong, Ubuyapani, Maleziya, Singapore, Koreya y’Epfo, na Tayiwani.
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