USSD: Serivise z’utunyenyeri zikora zite? Zikorwa gute?

Muri iyi minsi, telephone zigezweho twita smartphone, ziri gutangira gukoreshwa n’abantu benshi. Abantu bazikoresha ku bwinshi, bajya kuri murandasi, baganira n’inshuti, basangira amakuru, biga, n’ibindi byinshi. Ariko ntitwirengagize ko hakiri abantu benshi bagikoresha telephone ziciriritse izo twita gatoroshi. Izi telephone zo ntabwo zijya kuri murandasi, ndetse nta nubwo zibasha gukora nk’ibyo smart phone zikora. Bumwe mu buryo izi telephone zibasha gutanga serivise ku bazikoresha, ni uburyo bwitwa USSD.

USSD mu magambo arambuye ni Unstructured Supplementary Service Data. Ubu ni bwa buryo ufungura telephone yawe ukandikamo *imibare#. Ubu buryo kandi ntabwo buri kuri telephone za gatoroshi gusa, ahubwo no kuri telephone zigezweho burakora. Mu nyandiko y’uyu munsi tugiye kuvuga ku buryo ubu buryo bukora ndetse n’uko ziriya application zikora.

USSD Zikora gute?

Twese turabizi ko iyo ugiye gukoresha izi application, ufungura aho uhamagarira muri telephone yawe, ukandikamo imibare, ariko iyo mibare ikaba ibanzirizwa n’akanyenyeri (*), noneho nyuma yayo hakajya urweho (#). Iyi mibare twandika yitwa USSD Code. Iyo umaze gushyiramo izo kode, ugenda ukurikiza amabwiriza, bakakubwira gukanda imibare runaka, kugeza ubonye serivise ushaka. Ingero z’aho ikoreshwa, harimo mu kohereza amafaranga kuri telephone, kubona serivise za banki, ndetse no kugura ama inite.

Ariko nubwo ibyo tubizi, ntituzi ngo bigenda gute ngo izo serivise zitugereho, ese binyura he? Izi serivise zitugeraho binyuze mu ikoranabuhanga rya GSM. Iri ni ikoranabuhanga tugezwaho n’ibigo by’itumanaho, rikaba ariryo rifasha ngo ubashe guhamagara abantu, wohereze ubutumwa ukoresheje telephone, ndetse ujye no kuri interineti. Uburyo baritugezaho, babinyuza mu minara ndetse na Sim Card tuba dufite muri telephone zacu.

Mu Rwanda, USSD Code zitangwa n’ikigo cya RURA, zigatangwa uzisaba amaze kuzuza ibisabwa byose. Iyo amaze kuzihabwa, akorana n’ibigo by’itumanaho bakamufasha kugeza serivise ze ku bakiriya kubera ko ibigo by’itumanaho ni byo biba bifite abantu basanzwe bakoresha Sim Card na GSM nk’uko twabivuze ko USSD ikorera kuri GSM. Aha ni yo mpamvu usanga hari igihe serivise ishobora kuba iri kuri MTN, ariko itari kuri Airtel. Biterwa n’ikigo nyiri serivise yakoranye na cyo.

Serivise za USSD Zikorwa gute?

Nk’izindi apulikasiyo zose, izi serivise zikorwa n’abanditsi ba kode za software (programmers), bakaba bakoresha indimi zitandukanye zirimo nka PHP, JavaScript, Java, Python ndetse n’izindi ndimi zitandukanye zishobora kubafasha. Nkuko twagiye tubibona, kwandika kode muri izi ndimi bizaba ubumenyi kuri zo. Isomo ryacu rivuga kuri JavaScript ryagufasha kugira ubumenyi bwimbitse mu kwandika kode uyikoresheje.

Iyo bamaze kwandika kode, bakora hosting. Hosting ni igikorwa cyo gufata kode wanditse ukazishyira kuri murandasi kugira ngo abantu batandukanye babashe kuzigeraho cyangwa bazikoreshe. Iyo bamaze gukora hosting kuri server, ibyo ba hostinze, babihuza n’ikigo k’itumanaho kugira ngo kibyifashishe gitanga serivise ku bakiriya. Birashoboka ko ikigo k’itumanaho cyaba gifite uburyo bwa hosting, ariko mu gihe kitabufite, aba programmers bashobora kwifashisha ubundi buryo butandukanye bwo gu hosting, harimo nka Heroku, AWS, Firebase n’ubundi butandukanye.

Hariya kuri Mobile Phone, ni kuri telephone yawe aho ushyiriramo kode, noneho bikajya kuri GSM Network, ari ho dusanga ikigo k’itumanaho, noneho kubera ko wagihuje n’aho wakoreye hosting, bahita basaba ko serivise yuzuzwa, aho wa hosting cyangwa kuri server bagenzura serivise zikenewe bagatanga igisubizo, igisubizo kikoherezwa kuri GSM Network, noneho na bo bakohereza igisubizo kuri telephone yawe. Ni uku bigenda ngo amakuru wasabye akugereho, ariko bitwara igihe gito ku buryo udategereza cyane!

Iyi yari incamake ku buryo USSD ikoramo n’uko ikorwa, twarebye uko ikora twandika na kode mu kiganiro Digital Discourse tugira buri wa gatanu, ariko twagize ikibazo video twari twafashe irangirika. Ariko nukora Subscribe kuri YouTube channel yacu, tuzongera dukore video kuri USSD, ntuzacikwe. Tugutumiye kandi mu biganiro tugira buri cyumweru ku wa 5, saa kumi n’ebyili z’umugoroba. Tuba tuganira ku ikoranabuhanga ritandukanye ndetse tunareba amakuru mashya, n’amahirwe atandukanye.

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Ibihe byiza!